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The Segond fracture is a type of avulsion fracture (soft tissue structures tearing off bits of their bony attachment) of the lateral tibial condyle of the knee, immediately beyond the surface which articulates with the femur. ==History and incidence== Originally described by Dr. Paul Segond in 1879〔Segond P. ''Recherches cliniques et expérimentales sur les épanchements sanguins du genou par entorse''. Progres Med 1879; 7:297-299, 319–321, 340–341.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Recherches cliniques et expérimentales sur les épanchements sanguins du genou par entorse, par Paul Segond, )〕 after a series of cadaveric experiments, the Segond fracture occurs in association with tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) (75–100%) and injury to the medial meniscus (66–75%), lateral capsular ligament, as well as injury to the structures behind the knee. A rare, mirror image of the Segond fracture has also been described. The so-called "reverse Segond fracture" can occur after an avulsion fracture of the tibial component of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) in association with posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and medial meniscal tears.〔Steven Claes, et al.: Anatomy of the anterolateral ligament of the knee. Journal of Anatomy, 223: 321-328, Oct 2013〕 Segond fracture is typically the result of abnormal varus, or "bowing", stress to the knee, combined with internal rotation of the tibia. Reverse Segond fracture, as its name suggests, is caused by abnormal valgus, or "knock-knee", stress and external rotation. Originally thought to be a result of avulsion of the medial third of the lateral collateral ligament, the Segond fracture has been shown by more recent research to relate also to the insertion of the iliotibial tract (ITT) and the anterior oblique band (AOB), a ligamentous attachment of the fibular collateral ligament (FCL), to the midportion of the lateral tibia. (Roberts CC, Towers JD, Spangehl MJ et-al. Advanced MR imaging of the cruciate ligaments. Radiol. Clin. North Am. 2007;45 (6): 1003-16, vi-vii.)'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Segond fracture」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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